Wildlife in Zanzibar - Encompass Africa

Wildlife in Zanzibar: What to expect

Zanzibar, often called the ‘Spice Island,’ is actually an archipelago off the coast of Tanzania in the Indian Ocean. While not traditionally a safari destination, it boasts pristine beaches, turquoise waters and rich marine life, and offers unique wildlife experiences that make it an intriguing addition to any East African itinerary.

Iconic wildlife

Zanzibar’s marine life is the star of the show. The coral reefs surrounding the islands are home to a dazzling array of marine species. Snorkelling or diving off Mnemba Atoll or Chumbe Island offers encounters with vibrant reef fish, sea turtles, octopuses and moray eels. Larger marine creatures, such as dolphins, are frequently spotted around the archipelago, particularly near Kizimkazi, where boat tours offer a chance to see them in their natural habitat. For those visiting between July and October, whale watching is an incredible opportunity as humpback whales migrate through Zanzibar’s waters. Reptiles such as geckos, chameleons and monitor lizards are commonly seen on the islands. The beaches, particularly around Nungwi, are nesting grounds for sea turtles, with conservation efforts underway to protect them. Zanzibar’s forests, including Jozani Forest and Ngezi Forest Reserve on Pemba Island, support diverse wildlife. Alongside the red colobus monkey, these forests are home to forest antelopes like duikers, as well as a range of bird species including mangrove kingfishers and Fischer’s turacos. The island’s mangrove ecosystems are teeming with life, offering sanctuary to crabs, mudskippers, and juvenile fish. These unique environments play a vital role in the archipelago’s biodiversity.

Unique species

Zanzibar is home to several unique and endemic species, the most famous being the Zanzibar red colobus monkey. These striking monkeys, with their distinctive reddish fur and white facial markings, can only be found on the island and are best seen in Jozani Forest. This protected area is also home to other primates like Sykes’ monkeys and the bushbaby. Another notable endemic species is the Zanzibar leopard, though it is believed to be extinct or extremely rare. Stories of sightings persist, adding a sense of mystery to the island’s wildlife lore.

Birds and aquatic life

With more than 200 recorded bird species, Zanzibar is a rewarding destination for birdwatchers. Highlights include the Zanzibar somber greenbul, African paradise flycatcher, and Pemba sunbird. Migratory birds also frequent the islands during certain seasons, adding to the diversity. As mentioned, Zanzibar’s marine life is epic and it’s a paradise for divers and snorkellers. The coral reefs host colourful fish, sea turtles and dolphins, while deeper waters attract whale sharks and manta rays. Mnemba Atoll is famous for its crystal-clear waters and diverse marine species, while Chumbe Island boasts a protected coral park. Conservation efforts are helping to protect Zanzibar’s delicate marine ecosystems, ensuring that its stunning underwater world thrives for future generations.

Endangered wildlife

Zanzibar is deeply committed to protecting its marine ecosystems. The Mnarani Marine Turtle Conservation Pond in Nungwi rehabilitates injured turtles and educates visitors on their importance to the marine environment. Efforts to protect Zanzibar’s coral reefs and mangroves ensure that the island’s marine biodiversity remains vibrant for future generations.

Something different

One of Zanzibar’s most unique wildlife experiences is visiting the Zanzibar Butterfly Centre, where you can learn about the island’s butterflies and the conservation efforts that support local communities. For a cultural and ecological twist, a guided tour through Jozani Forest often includes learning about the traditional uses of forest plants by local communities. Another unforgettable experience is a visit to Chumbe Island Coral Park, a private nature reserve that combines eco-tourism with marine conservation. Here, you can explore pristine coral reefs and enjoy guided walks through a rare coral rag forest.

If these wildlife species of Zanzibar impress you and you’re dreaming of a holiday we’d love to help. Please do reach out via telephone or email.

Get in touch