Though small in size, Rwanda boasts a remarkable variety of ecosystems, from lush rainforests to sweeping savannahs. Often called the ‘Land of a Thousand Hills,’ it’s a standout destination for primate tracking, particularly the endangered mountain gorillas that have made the country world-famous. Whether trekking to see gorillas, exploring the savannahs of Akagera, or birdwatching in Nyungwe, When it comes to wildlife, Rwanda, offers an intimate, unique and unforgettable experience.
Rwanda’s crown jewel is its population of mountain gorillas, found in Volcanoes National Park. These gentle giants live in family groups on the forested slopes of the Virunga Mountains. Trekking to see them in their natural habitat is a bucket-list experience for many and offers a rare opportunity to observe one of humanity’s closest relatives. Chimpanzees are another highlight and can be found in Nyungwe Forest National Park. Known for their lively behaviour, these intelligent primates provide an exciting, energetic contrast to the serene encounters with gorillas. But Rwanda’s wildlife diversity extends beyond primates. Akagera National Park, located in the country’s eastern lowlands, is home to savannah species like elephants, lions, giraffes, zebras and hippos. Conservation efforts have successfully reintroduced lions and rhinos to Akagera, completing the park’s Big Five lineup.
The Big Five
While mountain gorillas steal the spotlight, Rwanda also offers the opportunity to see the Big Five. Akagera National Park is the place to spot these iconic species, thanks to ongoing conservation and anti-poaching initiatives. The park’s compact size and diverse habitats make it one of the easiest places in Africa to see a wide range of wildlife in a short time.
Unique species
Rwanda’s rainforests are home to a variety of unique and rare species. The golden monkey, a vibrant and playful primate, is endemic to the Virunga Mountains and can be tracked in Volcanoes National Park. Nyungwe Forest also shelters species like the L’Hoest’s monkey and the Angola colobus, adding to the country’s primate appeal. In the wetlands of Akagera, you’ll find sitatunga, a rare swamp-dwelling antelope, alongside crocodiles and hippos that dominate the water bodies.
Birds and aquatic life
Rwanda is a birder’s haven, with more than 700 recorded species. Nyungwe Forest alone is home to around 300 species, including 27 Albertine Rift endemics such as the regal sunbird and red-collared mountain babbler. Akagera’s lakes and wetlands attract waterbirds like African fish eagles, kingfishers, and shoebill storks – a sighting of one of these massive, prehistoric-looking birds is definitely one for the books! While Rwanda is landlocked, its lakes provide a habitat for a variety of aquatic species. Lake Kivu, one of Africa’s Great Lakes, offers serene opportunities for birdwatching and boat trips, where you might spot otters and other water-loving creatures.
Endangered wildlife
Rwanda plays a critical role in conserving endangered species, particularly mountain gorillas. With only about 1,000 remaining in the wild, the country’s conservation efforts have been a global success story, and trekking permits directly fund their protection. Golden monkeys, another endangered species, also benefit from these efforts. The reintroduction of black rhinos and lions to Akagera has restored balance to the park’s ecosystem and demonstrated Rwanda’s commitment to wildlife conservation.
Something different
One of Rwanda’s most unique wildlife experiences is a canopy walk in Nyungwe Forest, where you can view the rainforest from above and spot monkeys and birds from a treetop perspective. For a cultural twist, a visit to the Iby’iwacu Cultural Village near Volcanoes National Park allows you to learn about the traditions of the local communities that coexist with wildlife. Another distinctive experience is exploring the shores of Lake Kivu, where you can combine wildlife viewing with leisurely activities like kayaking and fishing.
If these wildlife species of Rwanda impress you and you’re dreaming of a holiday we’d love to help. Please do reach out via telephone or email.
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